In broad terms, hydronephrosis is a radiology term defining fluid buildup inside the kidney. The kidneys filter toxins and excess liquid from the blood to produce urine. Generally, urine is excreted from the kidney down the urine tube (ureter) and into the bladder. Under normal conditions, the urine carries the kidney regularly. Still, if something like the narrowing of the ureter takes place or backflow of the urine, or kidney stone creates a delay in the outflow of urine from the kidney, then the kidney can grow more swollen with fluid than normal. In many circumstances, hydronephrosis happens in normally-functioning kidneys but some problems are connected with unusual or poorly-functioning kidneys or other genetic ailments.
How Is Hydronephrosis Diagnosed?In many of the younger babies after birth, hydronephrosis, even when severe, often does not show any noticeable symptoms. There are even cases where babies or children might develop symptoms such as a urinary tract infection, blood in the urine, excessive fussiness, unexplained flank or abdominal pain. In such cases the doctor may order an abdominal or kidney/bladder ultrasound or occasionally a CT scan which will detect kidney swelling. The greater the grade of hydronephrosis, the more likely that the child will have signs. Some sufferers with notable hydronephrosis may not possess symptoms, particularly if the swelling happened slowly over time. The Suggested Test For HydronephrosisThe most valuable information about the shape and size of the bladder, the bladder neck (or opening) and the tubes that drain the urine from the kidneys into the bladder, designated as the ureters can be diagnosed with Voiding cystourethrogram test. It allows diagnosing reflux or the unusual back-flow of urine from the bladder into the ureter and up to the kidney. It also contributes extra-anatomic knowledge about the urethra to make sure no blockage is present (posterior urethral valves). Kidney (Renal) Scan: This examination may be done depending on the records of urinary tract infection(s), the result of VCUG, or the sharpness of the hydronephrosis. It is utilized to better demonstrate the actual function or drainage of the kidneys. A kidney scan can also reveal if there is kidney damage and/or scarring that may have emerged from a previous urinary tract infection or long-standing hydronephrosis. Why Does The Kidney Swell In These Cases?Hydronephrosis is like a resistance mechanism for the kidney when urine is sluggish to drain. The stretching of the kidney concedes the backpressure of urine to be more uniformly distributed. This may assist to limit or slow down some of the possible damage to the kidney from urine stiffening up abnormally. Can Hydronephrosis Get Healed On Its Own?Indeed, the More youthful children with milder forms of inflammation who are not possessing signs can often sustain kidney function. The chief care doctor or a pediatric kidney specialist, like a nephrologist or urologist, can observe the extent of swelling by purchasing a kidney ultrasound every few months as they view relevant. In many circumstances, but not all, the hydronephrosis may grow as its cause repairs, particularly in young babies as they grow over time. Additional examination such as a cystogram wherein the bladder catheter examination is done to look for abnormal urine reflux from the bladder into the ureter or a nuclear medicine renal scan to assess kidney function and drainage may be required along with ultrasounds to help define the course of the hydronephrosis. When Do Children With Hydronephrosis Need Surgery?Hydronephrosis can produce different symptoms like flank pain or vomiting or can be damaging to the health of the kidney over time. Doctors must discover the cause of the inflammation and whether it is something that may develop on its own. If it looks to be worsening, a restorative method may be required. For instance, kidney stones that become stuck in the ureter as they try to pass can cause temporary blockage of the urine flow and hydronephrosis in earlier fit patients. ReferenceOne of the leading Urologist in Delhi Dr. Ashish Saini at Excel Advance Urology Centre has extensive experience with hydronephrosis. Based on how much the kidney is stretched and up to what extent urinary flow is impaired Dr. Saini will tell you whether your child’s hydronephrosis affects one kidney or both the kidneys Content Source : https://www.draksainiurologydelhi.com/blog/hydronephrosis-an-ailment-in-poorly-functioning-kidney/
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Kidney cancer is cancer that shapes in tissues of the kidneys. Similar to other vital organs in the body, sometimes the kidneys can develop cancer. The most common type of kidney cancer in adults is renal cell carcinoma which starts in the cells that line the little tubes inside your kidneys. Children are more probable to develop a type of kidney cancer named Wilms' tumor.
Early Detection Of Kidney Cancer Kidney cancer hardly ever brings about problems in its initial stages. However, as a tumor develops, you can observe blood in your urine or feel accidental weight loss or back pain that does not getaway. Besides, kidney cancer cells could extend beyond your kidneys to neighboring organs and more distant places in the body. Nevertheless, if kidney cancer is identified and cured early, the possibilities for a comprehensive improvement are good. Early detection of kidney cancer is significant. As with most types of cancer, the earlier the tumor is revealed, the better a patient's possibilities for survival. Tumors found out at an initial stage frequently react well to treatment. Some Common Symptoms Of Kidney Cancer There are different symptoms which indicate cancer. These symptoms differ according to the type of cancer and the body part which has been hit. Top cancer hospitals in India use the following diagnostic methods: • Lab tests - Lab tests of the blood, urine or other fluids measure the high or low level of certain substances that can be of cancer. They are an important diagnostic tool but not foolproof. • Nuclear scan - a small amount of radioactive material is injected known as a tracer. There is a machine called scanner which measures the radioactivity. It creates pictures of bones or organs and gets rid of radioactive substances in a quick span. • Pet scan - In this test, you will receive an injection of a tracer. The collection of tracers is the body is shown as a 3-D picture. • Biopsy - in some cases, doctors use a biopsy to diagnose some types of cancer. A part of the tissue of the body is removed and looked under the microscope by a pathologist. This tissue sample is either removed by a needle or with an endoscope. Surgery may also be needed. Some of the best oncology hospitals in India use minimally invasive surgery methods for treating cancer. Some of the ways are – • Laparoscopic surgery - this surgery is done with the help of a thin tube which is known as a laparoscope. Only small incisions are required which in dealing with cancer of Kidney, prostate, and ovaries. • Laser surgery - In this treatment, an optical fiber is inserted into a tumor. Then, a narrow beam of high-intensity light is used to remove cancerous tissue from the body. • Cryosurgery - cryosurgery is used to treat external tumors such as those which are present in the skin. Abnormal cells are killed off by freezing them with the help of liquid nitrogen. • Endoscopy - an endoscope is a thin flexible tube with an attached camera that allows the surgeon to see inside of the body. It may either be inserted into the mouth, rectum or vagina. Reference Dr. AK Saini is the best-known urologist in the region of Delhi-NCR. To know more about his services and treatment lines provided by him, you should meet him in person at his clinic Excel Advance Urology center for Kidney Treatment in Delhi. Urinary tract infection (UTI) in pediatric population is quite a known fact but surprisingly not diagnosed quite frequently. UTI occurs both in normal children and in those with some urinary tract malformation. A great emphasis is laid on the diagnosis and management of this problem because unlike other illnesses, infants who have a urinary infection may not have any indications related to the urinary tract at all.
The urinary tract is usually classified into two sections. The upper urinary tract constitutes the kidneys and the delicate tubular structure (ureter) that runs from the kidney to the bladder. The lower tract involves the bladder and the urethra which is generally a tube from the bladder to the exterior of the body. Facts About Urinary Tract InfectionsChildhood urinary tract infections are reasonably popular and are usually generated by bacteria. Routine antibiotic treatment is still unbeaten in fixing these infections. There are many cases wherein the pediatric population experiences recurrent UTIs in children which may be symbolic of malformation or malfunction of the urinary tract. Some Common indications and signs of UTIs seen in the pediatric population include pain and urgency with urination, blood in the urine, abdominal/pelvic pain, fever, flank pain, and vomiting. If we observe the current figure it depicts that as many as 6% of girls and 2% of boys develop urinary tract infections Symptoms Of UTI In PediatricsIt’s more difficult to diagnose a UTI in a baby who can’t communicate versus a more experienced child who can say you what’s incorrect. Noticing signs are important so you’ll know when to take your child to the doctor. The most common symptoms of a UTI in a baby or child observed is fever of unknown origin, frequent urge to urinate; the urgency of urination or the child states he can’t hold it, a hot or burning feeling during urination; and occasionally, blood in the urine etc. Children with urinary tract contaminations do not forever present with traits such as frequency, dysuria or flank pain. Pediatric population may also present with fever and irritability or other indirect symptoms, such as lethargy. Older kids may also have nonspecific symptoms, such as gastric pain or unexplained fever. A urinalysis should be taken in a child with unexplained fever or indications that hint a urinary tract infection. Many pediatric experts suggest a urine culture for all male child under six months of age and all female patients under two years of age who have a temperature of 102.2°F or higher. Some chosen children who feel a UTI should have characteristic studies include children less than 2 years of age, any male child, any child who has had more than one UTI, or any child who has had pyelonephritis. Treatment For Urinary Tract InfectionAs per study and analysis, it has been observed that urinary tract infections are usually provoked by gram-negative rods, particularly Escherichia coli, any oral medicine with good gram-negative coverage is a reasonable choice for treatment. Looking at the drugs Trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole gives good coverage and is low-priced. It is given in suspension mode in a dosage of 4 mg trimethoprim per kg twice daily. Some regularly used antibiotics include amoxicillin, in a dosage of 10 mg per kg three times daily, and nitrofurantoin in a dosage of 2.5 mg per kg three times daily. Carbenicillin is accessible in an oral form for managing uncomplicated cystitis that is generated by sensitive strains of Pseudomonas. ReferenceIf there is any kind of infection or any anatomical intricacies identified, meet Dr. AK Saini the best pediatric urologist in Delhi. He can definitely assist or guide the child’s evaluation and manage his pain. Content Source : https://www.draksainiurologydelhi.com/blog/understanding-urinary-tract-infection-in-pediatric-population/ The condition of cryptorchidism is quite common, means wherein the testicles are undescended. The condition is painless and congenital (it is present at birth). About one to two percent of the male babies are affected, and premature infants tend to be affected at a higher rate. The chance of having it risen in the premature baby. In about 20 percent of the cases, the undescended testicle does not resolve itself on its own within the baby`s first three to four months of life. If this occurs, surgery will not be needed. Many parents worry if their baby boys would be able to have children. The answer most often is yes, for infants with one undescended testicle.
What Are The Long-Term Consequences Of Cryptorchidism? Cryptorchidism could increase the chances of infertility, more often if the two testicles are affected. On the other hand, infants with one undescended testicle usually have the same chances of having kids as those who are not affected. Boys with two undescended testicles have a significantly low level of fertility rate. What Is The Treatment Of Cryptorchidism? If the testicles do not descend on their own before the first birthday of the child, a urologist should be contacted. The type of surgery is called orchiopexy which will move the testicle down into the scrotum. On the other hand, surgery is not always required. But keep in mind that is highly recommended because it will likely reduce the long-term effects of the condition such as the risk of cancer or infertility. Most often the doctors can fix the undescended testicle with one single operation. Parents have time do decide, because most of the surgeries to correct cryptorchidism are made between 6 and 12 months of age. Complications of operations are quite rare but may include sometimes infection or bleeding. The most usual complication occurs when the testicle goes back up into the abdomen. But keep in mind that still, this happens very rare. The operation is generally simple and the children are free the next day from the hospital. The child could feel some discomfort after the surgery, but most of the kids tend to feel better after a day. It is advised the infant not to sit on riding toys for about a month so that an injury to the testicle can be prevented. Annual examination at the urologist should be made to check if the testicle is developing properly. Cryptorchidism causes infertility if it remains prevalent even after a certain age in young boys. This should be taken care of before the situation gets worse or can cause infertility. It gets a prime responsibility of the family members to look after the proper physical development; keep an observant eye on urine pattern of your child, etc. The parent or guardian should look for the best doctor for the child. Reference Meet Dr. AK Saini, best experienced and well-known urologist in Delhi. He has gained a high reputation due to successful treating in pediatric urology problems in Delhi Content Source : https://besturologistindelhi.wixsite.com/drashishsaini/post/getting-to-know-cryptorchidism-in-premature-infants |
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